Mach’s Principle, or the Equivalence Principle, that is the question.

You remember Mach’s Principle? It basically says you can tell when you are rotating relative to everything else. We know it’s true, because you get dizzy when you are spinning. That is something that an 8-year-old definitely understands. Meteorologists understand it, because the Earth gets dizzy when it spins, and that dizziness is what we call weather systems, driven by what physicists call the Coriolis force. Physicists say this force is “fictitious”, but put them in the path of a hurricane, and I think they might change their tune. It may be fictitious in their minds, but you can damn well feel it!

You remember Einstein’s Equivalence Principle? It basically says you can’t tell the difference between acceleration and gravity. Which means, you can’t tell the difference between inertia and gravity. And it means you can’t tell the Earth is rotating except by looking at the Sun or the Moon or the stars. So although it is often said that Mach’s Principle is part of Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity, this is actually not true. Strip away all the obfuscation, and Einstein’s Equivalence Principle says you can’t tell that the Earth is rotating if you don’t look at the sky. Bottom line. Mach’s Principle say the exact opposite, it says you can always tell whether something is rotating by seeing if it gets dizzy or not.

So don’t believe any of this crap that says Einstein based his theory on Mach’s Principle, it’s a load of bollocks. He said the exact opposite. He actually tried to apply Mach’s Principle to quantum mechanics in a wonderful paper written in 1919. This paper has been written out of history, “cancelled” in the modern vernacular, because it is not politically correct. Never mind that it is physically correct, like all the rest of Einstein’s work that I have read. But even he became convinced by the woke response, and abandoned this line of enquiry. If he had pursued it, he would have eventually realised he had got GR wrong, and developed a better theory of gravity. But he didn’t. His work was “cancelled”.

I first applied Mach’s Principle to quantum mechanics in 2014, and by January 2015 I had dug up enough experimental evidence to prove beyond reasonable doubt that Mach’s Principle does apply to quantum mechanics. You can tell the Earth is rotating by looking inside a hydrogen atom. If the Earth wasn’t embedded in the Solar System, you’d never detect a fine structure “constant”, you’d never detect a “Lamb shift”, no hyperfine structure, it just wouldn’t be there. You can tell the Earth is rotating by measuring the mass ratio of electron to proton, and you can detect the existence of the Sun by measuring the mass ratio of proton to neutron. You can detect the existence of the Moon by measuring the mass ratio of charged to neutral pions, and if you want to know where the Moon is, you can measure the mass ratio of charged to neutral kaons. If you want to know how big the Earth is, you can count the change in the ratio of odd to even pion decays of neutral kaons as the kaons travel across the surface of the Earth. Or you can measure the gyromagnetic ratio of the muon, although that is hard. What about the W mass anomaly? It means there is something in the rotation of the Earth that has been detected by this experiment. I don’t know what exactly it is, but I think it involves both the Sun and the Moon, and the latitude on the Earth’s surface where the experiment was done.

It’s not as though I’ve pointed out one numerical coincidence that you can ignore. Everywhere I look, experiment proves that Mach’s Principle holds, and Einstein’s Equivalence Principle does not. The evidence is literally everywhere. But the mainstream doesn’t understand Mach’s Principle, so they ignore it. And they “cancel” any experimental evidence that supports it. Mach’s Principle is apparently not politically correct, because it contradicts the Equivalence Principle. But I am afraid that some Principles are more equivalent than others, whatever you might think.

10 Responses to “Mach’s Principle, or the Equivalence Principle, that is the question.”

  1. Robert A. Wilson Says:

    I think the W/Z mass anomaly has to do with tidal effects on the sea of neutrinos that affect the motions of the “boats” they measure in the experiment.

  2. Robert A. Wilson Says:

    Or is it that some Equivalences are more Principled than others?

  3. Robert A. Wilson Says:

    Oh, and by the way, as I pointed out recently, you can tell the Earth is rotating by watching a bunch of neutrons decaying. As I said, the evidence for the rotation of the Earth is literally everywhere.

  4. Robert A. Wilson Says:

    And you can observe the weather on the Sun by watching the decay rates of manganese 54.

  5. Robert A. Wilson Says:

    So here’s the $64,000 question: what makes you, or the Earth, feel dizzy? I absolutely guarantee that if you think you can answer this question, then you are using a circular argument. The only possible answer is that it is the neutrinos. Nothing else in particle physics can detect the direction of rotation, apart from the colours of quarks, which are apparently unobservable.

    The alternative is to believe in dark matter, ghosts, supersymmetry, superstrings, or some other supernatural superparticle supertheory.

  6. Nige Cook Says:

    Those principles are useful for getting a handle on the physics from the point of view of getting an equation that works. This is really a case of Feynman’s “Shut up and calculate” approach. However, he recognised that deeper issue of corrupt pedalogy in physics. Whenever a new theory comes along which overthrows everything before it, they add a chapter to the textbooks instead of chucking out the old principles. Feynman tried to debunk Bohr’s uncertainty principle in 1985 (Bohr had used it against Feynman at Pocono or maybe Shelter Island conference, c1947, to try to debunk “path integrals” by declaring loftily that you can’t model paths due to the Bohr uncertainty principle):

    Richard P. Feynman, QED, Penguin, 1990, pp. 55-6, and 84:

    ‘I would like to put the uncertainty principle in its historical place: when the revolutionary ideas of quantum physics were first coming out, people still tried to understand them in terms of old-fashioned ideas … But at a certain point the old fashioned ideas would begin to fail, so a warning was developed that said, in effect, “Your old-fashioned ideas are no damn good when …”. If you get rid of all the old-fashioned ideas and instead use the ideas that I’m explaining in these lectures – adding arrows [arrows = path phase amplitudes in the path integral, eiS -> cos S, for the real phase component] for all the ways an event can happen – there is no need for an uncertainty principle! … on a small scale, such as inside an atom, the space is so small that there is no main path, no “orbit”; there are all sorts of ways the electron could go, each with an amplitude. The phenomenon of interference [by field quanta] becomes very important …’

  7. Nige Cook Says:

    Feynman’s problems with such stifling physics “principles” were quoted (by the late Tony Smith, on Woit’s blog somewhere) at pages 235-8 of Jagdish Mehra’s Beat of a Different Drum:

    “… take the exclusion principle … it turns out that you don’t have to pay much attention to that in the intermediate states in the perturbation theory. … Teller said: ‘It is fundamentally wrong that you don’t have to take the exclusion principle into account.’ … Dirac asked ‘Is it unitary?’ … Dirac had proved … that in quantum mechanics … you have to have a unitary operator. But there is no unitary way of dealing with a single electron … Bohr … said: ‘… one could not talk about the trajectory of an electron …. it was not observable’. … Bohr thought that I didn’t understand the uncertainty principle.”

    That this was after Feynman had – at Oppenheimer’s request – efficiently sorted out the IBM card sorter calculation methods at Los Alamos, finding the vital implosion lens configuration to help end the war. Oppenheimer refused to endorse Feynman’s theory for publication, even after pressure from Freeman Dyson. Every top dog expert except Bethe – who had a similar (but half baked) scheme to calculate the Lamb shift – dismissed it as nonsense on the basis of “principles”. (Bethe finally won Oppenheimer over, but it was over ignorant “principled” opposition from many bigwigs.)

  8. Lars Says:

    Meteorologists understand it, because the Earth gets dizzy when it spins, and that dizziness is what we call weather systems, driven by what physicists call the Coriolis force. Physicists say this force is “fictitious”, but put them in the path of a hurricane, and I think they might change their tune. It may be fictitious in their minds, but you can damn well feel it!”

    I don’t think most physicists would deny the reality of the wind force of a hurricane even if they had not directly experienced it.

    But weather system winds like hurricanes are actually driven by two things. First is a pressure difference between different places on the earths surface (caused by differential heating of air), which causes air to move from one place to another, determines the wind speed and has an effect on wind direction as well. The second is the coriolis “force” which affects wind direction forming it into the familiar circular pattern.

    The “force” of the hurricane winds is due to the pressure differential which causes air to move from places of high to low pressure. If not for this pressure differential, there would actually be no coriolis effect because the air would not be moving relative to the earth surface and coriolis “force” (which causes the wind to follow a curved path relative to the earth surface) is proportional to the wind velocity (which stems from the pressure difference)

    • Lars Says:

      For the simplest case, consider a mortar shell just sitting in a howitzer on the surface of the earth. There is no coriolis “force” because the shell is not moving relative to the surface and physicists (or others) need not worry about getting knocked over by any “force” of the shell provided they are also at rest relative to the earth’s surface.

      But now consider the case of the same shell fired from the howitzer (by gunpowder or some other propellant). Since the shell is now moving relative to the earths surface which is turning underneath, it moves on a curved path AS IF ot were experiencing a force that is proportional both to the velocity relative to the surface and the rotation speed of the earth.

      But is coriolis an actual force? No, it isn’t and any real force that a physicist or other person would feel if they were in the path of the shell is due (ignoring the effects of air friction) to what initially propelled the shell — eg, gunpowder. The gunpowder (or other propellant) in the case of the shell is the analog of the pressure differential in the case of the hurricane winds.

Leave a comment